{"id":772,"date":"2011-11-19T09:58:43","date_gmt":"2011-11-19T15:58:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hushbeck.com\/blog\/?p=772"},"modified":"2011-11-19T09:58:43","modified_gmt":"2011-11-19T15:58:43","slug":"the-epistles-of-john-living-in-truth-and-love-1-john-1a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hushbeck.com\/blog\/2011\/11\/the-epistles-of-john-living-in-truth-and-love-1-john-1a\/","title":{"rendered":"The Epistles of John: Living in Truth and Love. 1 John 1a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\ufeffWeek Eleven: Nov 20, 2011<\/p>\n

This week we finish 2 John, and then started 1 John. I finished 2 John in previous post<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Study<\/p>\n

1 John<\/h1>\n

Outline<\/p>\n

While there is very large agreement when it comes to the outline of 2nd<\/sup> and 3rd<\/sup> John, the reverse is true when it comes to 1st<\/sup> John as there is very little agreement. As Marshall described the problem \u201cIt is\u2026 extremely difficult to find a pattern in the author\u2019s thinking, and many different suggestions have been offered.\u201d(p 22)\u00a0 As I reviewed the many suggested outlines none stuck me being correct as they seemed to be imposed upon instead of derived from the letter.\u00a0 So I looked at the text of 1 John and, right and wrong, came up with my own.\u00a0 You will need to decide if I have taken a step in the right direction, or just added to the confusion.<\/p>\n

My approach was to look for distinctive features in the text that would define the structure, and I noticed two.\u00a0 While there is wide disagreement over the outline there is a general agreement that the first 4 verses of chapter one serves as a prologue to the rest of the letter, and I agree with this assessment. There is also general agreement that the letter has two main sections with the division occurring somewhere around the end of chapter 2 or the beginning of chapter 3. Commentators differ as to exactly where.<\/p>\n

As such, the body of the letter begins in verse 5 with \u201cThis is the message that we have heard from him and declare to you: God is light, and in him there is no darkness\u2014none at all!\u201d \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0I noticed that a very similar phrase occurs in 3:11, \u201cThis is the message that you have heard from the beginning: We should love one another.\u201d\u00a0 These are the only two places where such a phrase occurs in 1 John and so I took them as marking off the two main portions of the letter. \u00a0Verse 5:13 begins \u201cI have written these things to you who believe\u2026\u201d\u00a0 While similar phrases do occur elsewhere, most notably in chapter 2, here they seem to have the tone of summation, and thus begin the final portion of the letter.\u00a0\u00a0 So based on this we have 4 main parts,\u00a0 a prologue, two major sections and a conclusion.<\/p>\n

The second feature I noticed is, as I noted in 2 and 3 John,\u00a0 John seems to use phrases such as \u201cDear Friend\u201d\u00a0 (3 John 2, 5 & 11)\u00a0 and \u201cDear Lady\u201d (2 John 5)\u00a0 to mark changes in thought, and the same appears to be true here as the transition at 2:1 is marked by \u201cMy little Children\u2026\u201d\u00a0 Looking through the letter, this and similar phrases occur periodically \u201cMy little Children\u2026\u201d (2:1), \u201cDear Friends\u2026\u201d (2:7 & 18), \u201cLittle Children\u2026\u201d (2:18, 2:28\u00a0 & 3:7), etc., so I took these as marking transition.\u00a0\u00a0 Using this as my framework I started my detailed analysis of the letter to see if this would work out.\u00a0 I am currently up to Chapter 3 and for the most part it is working very well.<\/p>\n

The major diversion from this pattern has been in the middle of Chapter 2.\u00a0 While verse 12 does begin a section with \u201cI am writing to you, little children\u2026\u201d\u00a0 it is the beginning of an almost poetic section of two groups of three phrases, were each phrase beginning with either \u201clittle children\u201d, \u201cfathers\u201d or \u201cyoung people\u201d and clearly not all of them are meant to be transitions, rather the entire passage is a unit.<\/p>\n

The other major break with this pattern occurs in verse 20, where John switches from talking about those who left in verse 19, to his readers with \u201cYou have an anointing from the Holy One and know all things.\u201d This also seems to beginning a new section. Internally, most of these subsections consist of two part, and opening statement which often serves as a premise, and then a expansion or discussion.<\/p>\n

At this point I have only worked through the beginning of chapter 3 and here is what I have so far. I will update this when I have finished my notes.<\/p>\n

I.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prologue \u2013 Our Testimony: the Word of Life (1:1-4)<\/h3>\n

II.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Part I \u2013 Light and Darkness (1:5 -310)<\/h3>\n

a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Message \u2013 Living in the Light (1:5-1:10)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God Is Light – Establishing Common Ground (1:5)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Three Proposition Refuted (1:6-10)<\/h5>\n

b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expansion:\u00a0 Keep His Commandments (2:1-6)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jesus the Messiah is our advocate (2:1-2)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 To know him is to obey him (2:3-6)<\/h5>\n

1 Statement (2:3)<\/span><\/p>\n

a Claim (2:4)<\/p>\n

b Counter-Claim (2:5)<\/p>\n

2 Restatement (2:6)<\/p>\n

c.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expansion: Love One Another (2:7-11)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The commandment to Love (2:7-8)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 To be in the light is to love (2:9-11)<\/h5>\n

1 \u00a0Claim (2:9)<\/span><\/p>\n

a \u00a0Counter-Claim (2:10)<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0Restatement of Claim(2:11)<\/p>\n

d.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Our Position (2:12-17)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Our position in Christ (2:12-14)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Warning: Do not love the world\u00a0 (2:15-17)<\/h5>\n

e.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Their Position (2:18-27)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antichrists a sign of the time (2:18)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 They Left us (2:19-20)<\/h5>\n

f.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Why John Writes (2:21-27)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Premise: You Know all things (2:20-1)<\/h5>\n

1 \u00a0You know lies are not in the truth<\/p>\n

ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Those who deny are the liars (2:22-23)<\/h5>\n

1 \u00a0Those who confess have the son and the father.<\/p>\n

iii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 You remain in him (2:24-25)<\/h5>\n

1 You have the promise of eternal life<\/p>\n

iv.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Summary (2:26-27)<\/h5>\n

g.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expansion: \u00a0Abide in the Father (2:28-3:1)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 To abide is to be Prepared (2:28)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The righteous are God\u2019s Children (2:29-30)<\/h5>\n

h.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expansion: \u00a0We are God\u2019s Children Live accordingly (3:2-3:6)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Premise:\u00a0\u00a0 We will be like him (3:2)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Live accordingly (3:29-30)<\/h5>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Don\u2019t be Deceived (3:7 \u2013 3:10)<\/h4>\n

i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Premise:\u00a0\u00a0 Don\u2019t be Deceived (3:7a)<\/h5>\n
ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Distinguishing between Righteous and Unrighteous (3:7b-3:10)<\/h5>\n

III.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Part II\u00a0 –\u00a0 Love One Another (3:11-5:14)<\/h3>\n

a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Message\u00a0 – Love One Another(3:11-17)<\/h4>\n

b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 True Love Acts (3:18-20)<\/h4>\n

c.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Love answer prayer (3:21-24)<\/h4>\n

d.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Test what People Say (4:1-3)<\/h4>\n

e.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 We overcome the World (4:4-6)<\/h4>\n

f.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Love comes from God (4:7-10)<\/h4>\n

g.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Love leads to perfection (4:11-5:12)<\/h4>\n

IV.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Epilogue – These things have I written unto you (5:13-21)<\/h3>\n

a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Conclusion (5:13-20)<\/h4>\n

b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4:21 \u2013 Final warning (5:20)<\/h4>\n

Notes<\/p>\n

I.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prologue \u2013 Our Testimony: the Word of Life (1:1-4)<\/h3>\n

The first four verses of this letter are one sentence in the Greek text and most consider this sentence to be the most complicated in the writings of John, with phrases such as \u201cbordering on incoherence,\u201d \u201cgrammatical impossibilities\u201d and \u201cunclear.\u201d\u00a0 (Harris)\u00a0 The train of thought is interrupted 3 times and the main verb does not occur until the end of verse 3.\u00a0 However the thoughts here are not random but appear to have the following structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1a<\/td>\n(imperfect)<\/td>\nWhat was from the beginning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1b<\/td>\n(perfect)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0What we have heard<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1c<\/td>\n(perfect)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0What we have seen with our own eyes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1d<\/td>\n(aorist)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0What we have observed and our hands have touched<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1e<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Concerning the word of Life<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2a<\/td>\n(aorist)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0And the life was revealed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2b<\/td>\n(perfect)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0And we saw<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2c<\/td>\n(present)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0And we testified and proclaim to you<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2d<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\nThe\u00a0 life eternal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2e<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Which was with the father<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2f<\/td>\n(aorist)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0And was revealed to us<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3a<\/td>\n(perfect)<\/td>\nWhat we have seen and have heard (summary of 1&2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3b<\/td>\n(present \u2013 main)<\/td>\nWe proclaim to also you<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3c<\/td>\n(present)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0So you also many have fellowship with us<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3d<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0And this fellowship of ours is with the father<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3e<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0And with his son Jesus Christ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4a<\/td>\n(present)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0And these things we write<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4b<\/td>\n(present, perfect)<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0So that our joy may be full.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

1a \u2013 2d are in the form of a chiasmus, centered on 1e, \u201cConcerning the word of Life,\u201d with 2e and f begin a further description of \u201cThe life eternal.\u201d 3a quickly summarizes the chiasmus before getting to the main verb \u201cWe proclaim\u201d in 3b. The remainder of the passage (3c-4b) then explains the reasons for the proclamation.<\/p>\n

The reason for all this complexity is that John is doing many things.\u00a0 He is making an allusion to the Gospel of John, which also opens with a chiasmus.\u00a0 He is stressing the eyewitness nature of his testimony and that it results in both eternal life and fellowship with the father.<\/p>\n

1:1 \u2013 What existed from the beginning, what we have heard, what we have seen with our eyes, what we observed and touched with our own hands\u2014this is the[1]<\/a> Word of life!<\/strong><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 There is a pretty clear\u00a0 allusion to John 1:1 here: \u00a0In the beginning was the Word\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This is the first of 4 \u201cwhat\u201d phrases, and instantly raises the question of just what is being referred to here?\u00a0 As is often the case there are several possibilities that have been suggested.<\/p>\n

1 Jesus as the Word (\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2) as in John 1:1.\u00a0 There does seem to be a clear allusion to the opening of John\u2019s gospel and the word (\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5) is mention here at the end of the verse, \u201cThe word of life <\/em>(\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u1fc6\u03c2).\u00a0 There is, however, a problem.\u00a0 The passage says \u201cWhat<\/em><\/strong>\u201d (neuter), not \u201cThe one<\/em><\/strong>\u201d (masculine).\u00a0 It is not impossible for a person to be referred to using a neuter.\u00a0 Paul does this in 1 Cor 15:10 saying about himself that, \u201cBy the grace of God I am WHAT I am.<\/em><\/strong>\u201d But it is unusual.<\/p>\n

2 Life is another possibility, as this is also mentioned at the end of the verse. It is also supported by 1:2 which begins \u201cThis life\u2026<\/em><\/strong>\u201d \u00a0However this option has the same problem as understanding this as Jesus for the Greek word for life (\u03b6\u03c9\u1fc6\u03c2)\u00a0 is feminine.<\/p>\n

3 I believe the best way to understand this is to see Word of Life<\/em><\/strong> as embodying both the incarnation and message of God.\u00a0 Thus the reason John uses \u201cWhat<\/em><\/strong>\u201d (neuter) is because the reference is not just personal but is inclusive of the message of salvation that Jesus proclaimed.\u00a0 John is stressing the inseparability between the message of Christ and the person of Jesus, which as we will see early in the letter is very important to his overall message.<\/p>\n

Next week we will continue in 1 John 1<\/p>\n

If you have question or comments about the class, feel free to send me an email at\u00a0elgin@hushbeck.com<\/a> and be sure to put \u201cEpistles of John\u201d in the header.<\/p>\n

See here for references and more background on the class<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Scripture taken from the Holy Bible: International Standard Version\u00ae<\/sup>. Copyright \u00a9 1996-2008 by The ISV Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTERNATIONALLY. Used by permission.\u00a0www.isv.org<\/a><\/p>\n

Note: Some places I have modify the text from the ISV version. Passages that I have modified have been noted with and * by the verse number and the ISV text is included in a footnote.<\/p>\n

\n

Footnotes:<\/p>\n

1 v1:1 Lit. about the<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\ufeffWeek Eleven: Nov 20, 2011 This week we finish 2 John, and then started 1 John. I finished 2 John in previous post. Study 1 John Outline While there is very large agreement when it comes to the outline of 2nd and 3rd John, the reverse is true when it comes to 1st John as […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[45,254,713,729,808,965,1300,1317],"class_list":["post-772","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bible","tag-1-john","tag-chiasmus","tag-jesus","tag-john-11","tag-love","tag-outline","tag-the-word-of-life","tag-truth"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Epistles of John: Living in Truth and Love. 1 John 1a - Politics and Religion<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hushbeck.com\/blog\/2011\/11\/the-epistles-of-john-living-in-truth-and-love-1-john-1a\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Epistles of John: Living in Truth and Love. 1 John 1a - Politics and Religion\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\ufeffWeek Eleven: Nov 20, 2011 This week we finish 2 John, and then started 1 John. 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