How can Christians be Conservative? Part II
I am continuing to answer the questions, posed to me on how Christians can be conservatives. This time I will address the question, how can conservatives show such a lack of concern about the uninsured as seen in their objection to ObamaCare?
The question itself has some problems, the main one being that it confuses the lack of support for a particular governmental program, with a lack of concern for a problem. This is something that I have addressed before (e.g., here, here, and on health care here). For many liberals the ideal of government activism is so strong and ingrained, it is hard for them to conceive of any other solution to a social problem. In short, as a general rule, the solution to any social problem is to be found in government programs, and to oppose a government program is to show a disregard for the problem itself.
But however strong the view, it is still fallacious, and is in fact the fallacy of a false choice. Not only are there other non-governmental options for addressing these problems, the simple fact is that, right or wrong, as a general rule conservatives believe that market based solutions grounded in choice and competition for consumers are better than government solutions.
The conservative view is often mischaracterized as an absolute position which would permit no role at all for government. This is not the case, nor is it correct to say that the conservative view is based on a trust of business or and corporations. It is also not the case. In fact, often conservatives share many of the same doubts and question about business as there liberal counter parts. This is why conservatives believe that choice and competition are so important, as they serve as the main check on businesses driven by the profit motive. This is also where conservatives see a significant role for government that of ensuring that the market place allow choice and competition.
So it is not that conservatives trust big businesses, it is that they mistrust government because choice and competition do not apply. If you don’t like a particular business, you are free go to another one. If you don’t like government, you are stuck.
When it comes to health care in general, and ObamaCare in particular, the problems Conservatives see are many, and I have written about some of them (here, and here). As I summarized this in another post,
Thus the Democratic Health care bill will increase regulation and reduce effective choice even if it doesn’t end in single payer. While in theory it may be able to reduce cost and expand coverage, it cannot do this while improving health care. In short, it is doomed. And this is best case. Given the past record of government programs, the actual likelihood is that it will not even be able to control costs and we will be left with worse health-care, even higher costs and a system that is even more difficult to change.
The reason for this is actually very simple. Improvements in Health care will come, as such improvements have always come, from innovation. Yet government does not innovate, it regulates, and regulations kills innovation.
None of this should be taken as satisfaction with the current system. Healthcare in the US is one of most highly regulated areas of the economy. It is far from a system where choice and competition are driving factors. Conservatives see the problems and want to solve them. The real problem here is not a lack of concern for “the least of these,” but rather a difference of opinion on how best to address the problems. The opposition to ObamaCare is rooted in the belief that it will not make things better, it will make them worse.
One final comment; while there certainly are absolutists, many conservatives acknowledge that market solutions will not solve all problems. No matter how much market forces improve the health care system, you cannot purchase healthcare if you don’t have any money. Here conservatives consider two additional mechanisms.
The first is charity. While liberals at time discount the viability of this option the fact is that here are hospitals across the country that deliver health care on an ability to pay basis or for free. This focus on charity by conservatives and government by liberals is perhaps behind the difference in charitable giving between red state and blue states, between liberals and conservatives, and as revealed in Aruther C. Brooks’ book, Who Really Cares: The Surprising Truth About Compassionate Conservatives. If conservatives truly were heartless and greedy, why is it that on average, they give more to charity than liberals?
Finally, surprising as it may seem to some liberals, conservatives to not reject a government option as a last resort, for those with no were else to turn. The difference would be, however, that it would be a last resort, not the first and only resort, pushed by so many liberals.
So again, it is not a lack of concern that leads conservatives to reject ObamaCare, it is in fact an abundance of concern that ObamaCare will only result in making matters worse.
How can Christians be Conservative?
As I mentioned last time, the wife of a liberal friend of mine recently asked some sincere questions trying to understand Conservatives. Here I will address the more religiously oriented questions, though they all still have a strong political component. In general she was basically asking, how a sincere Christian could be a Conservative.
Before answering that question, I want to be clear that I do not subscribe to the opposite position, i.e. I do not question how a Liberal can be a Christian. While politics and religion do overlap in some areas, rarely are things so clear cut as to lead to a clearly “Christian” political view, be it on the Left or the Right. Also, I want to note that the Conservative movement is itself a broad spectrum of beliefs and not all Conservatives will agree with my answers, especially since not all Conservatives are Christians.
But back to her questions; as a background she referenced three major touch stones of the Christian faith, at least when it comes to social policy. The first was the Sermon on the Mount; the second was Jesus’ statement in Matthew 25:40, “I tell you with certainty, since you did it for one of the least important of these brothers of mine, you did it for me.” (ISV) Finally she mentioned Matthew 6:24 “No one can serve two masters, because either he will hate one and love the other, or be loyal to one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and riches!”
Against this background she asked three questions. How can conservative Christians oppose the workers right to collectively bargain? How can they show a lack of concern about the uninsured as seen in their objection to Obamacare? Finally how come, since they are so against government intervention, they seek to use government to impose their view of morality on others, in particular with the Pro-Life movement? I will deal with the last two in future posts.
As for the first question, as it turns out, this is an issue that Christians are pretty evenly split on. But I will address it from my view. First, I have a problem with the whole notion of “workers rights” and see this as part of the general confusion that exists concerning the whole understanding of rights. In brief, the concept of rights developed from the belief that we are special creations of God, created in his own image, and that God has given us abilities, such as the ability to think and reason. The basic notion is that what God has given, no one, not even the King, as a right to take away. Thus we see in the Declaration of Independence,
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.
Given this view of rights, there is no such thing as a right to collectively bargain. Unions, and the arrangements that they make with management, are just one of many potential financial arrangements that employees and employers could enter into. Thus I would argue that collective bargaining is neither Christian nor Unchristian, and this may very well explain the divergence of views.
This of course does not meant that particular employers, or particular unions, have not acted in Christian and/or unchristian ways from time to time. This does not mean that employer or unions are always good. History is full of examples on both sides of greed, bad faith, and unconcern of the welfare of “the least of these.”
In terms of the recent attempt to restrict unions in Wisconsin, and in other states, I have a particular problem. When dealing with a company driven by profit, there is always the possibility that management is greedy and simply trying to exploit the workers. Yet when it comes to government employees, they are not unionizing against a greedy owner, but against the people. In addition, there is the dichotomy, at least for those on the left, that government is supposed to be a benevolent force, not driven by profit, and looking out for our best interest, as opposed to corporations who are out for profit. Yet when it comes to unions, government is just another employer to be demonized.
Then there is the fact that it is hard to hold that state workers are in “the least of these” category when both the pay and benefits they receive are significantly better than those in the private sector who must pay the bill. This is especially true where the public sector unions have become a significant political force, such that they have been able to elect politicians beholden to them into office. These politicians then repay the favor by giving them pay and benefits that well exceed the private sector.
As a result, many states such as California are in serious financial problems and have huge unfunded liabilities resulting from these union contracts. Unions can claim that the state made the contract, but they cannot ignore the fact that these contracts were made often under a threat of strike, and often by the very politicians the unions sought to elect.
Thus one could just as easily turn the whole question around. Is the Christian position really to side with those workers who are the best off, at the expense of those who must pay the bills; many of whom are worse off, or who will suffer a loss of services, because the money is not there? Is the Christian position, really to ask those struggling on fixed incomes to do will even less, because their property taxes must rise to pay the wages of government workers making far more then they are.
Bottom line: I believe this is a place where Christians of good heart can and do disagree. Not because of the principles of the Christian faith, but how they are applied and how they view the issue.
Can You Trust Conservatives
The wife of a liberal friend of mine recently asked some sincere questions trying to figure out conservatives, and so I thought I would address them. I will do the political question here and the more religiously oriented ones in the near future at my other blog, www.consider.org/blog. Her politically oriented question concerned the statement of House Speaker Boehner on Jobs. Given the very strong emphasis during the campaign focusing on “Jobs, Jobs, Jobs,” how is it now, after the election, when it was pointed out that the cuts the conservatives are proposing could result in the loss of jobs, he can say, “so be it.”
While at first blush, this may seem to be a contradiction, when considered in the larger context, it is not hard to reconcile. For many conservatives, as I detail in the added chapter of the paperback version of Preserving Democracy, the economic downturn was caused by government intervention which created the housing bubble. It was aggravated by a change in the accounting rules that went into effect Nov 15, 2007, and proved so disastrous that it was repealed in early 2009, unfortunately after it had done tremendous damage to the economy.
Since TARP, all the bailouts and the various stimulus plans did not address these root causes, they did not help. In fact the massive deficits they ran up combined with the uncertainty caused by the explosive growth in government over the last couple of years, only made things worse. Rather than getting things under control, Obama’s new budget increases the deficit even further to $1.6 trillion. This is ten times larger than the budget produced by the last Republican Congress just 4 years ago.
Thus, right or wrong, Conservatives believe that the unprecedented deficits threaten economic collapse. In such an environment, people are not focused on growing what they have but rather, are just trying to preserve it so they do not lose any more. People are reluctant make major purchases. Banks are reluctant to make loans. Investors are not investing in new companies. Existing businesses are reluctant to hire. In short, the economy cannot grow.
The focus here is not on the big corporations, those with lots of lobbyists, or with CEOs that hobnob with Obama and thus were able to siphon off large chunks of the TARP/Bailout/Stimulus dollars that Washington has been handing out. Rather, the focus is on all the small businesses across the country. Companies that do not live off the largess of the government. Companies that never saw, and will never see, a dime of stimulus money. These are the businesses that will need to create the jobs to get unemployment down. Yet they are struggling to make ends meet, assuming of course that they have not already failed. They receive no help from the government, but instead are only further burdened by the all the new regulations that the ever expanding government generates.
Given this background, Conservatives believe that a critical step in turning around the economy is to reign in the size of government and bring these deficits under control, so that confidence can be restored to the economy, so that it can begin to grow and create jobs again.
Conservatives do not believe this can be done with taxes, for two main reasons. First taxes would only further increase the burden on the economy dragging it down even more. This is especially true given that many small businesses are taxed in the income range that democrats consider “the rich.” In addition to this, the current deficit is so large that any tax increase what would be large enough to make a serious dent would kill any economic growth and throw us even deeper into economic problems. Second, the history of tax increases is pretty clear. They normally do not bring in as much as expected, and politicians just increase spending even more.
In short, Conservatives do not believe we have an income problem; we have a spending problem. Any real solution will have to focus primarily on cutting spending. This is why they not only ran on “jobs, jobs, jobs,” but also getting spending under control. For Conservatives these two goals are strongly linked.
Given this background, Boehner was asked at his weekly news conference about the possibility that federal jobs might be cut if they go ahead with the proposed cuts to the federal budget. He responded that,
“Over the last two years since President Obama has taken office, the federal government has added 200,000 new federal jobs, and if some of those jobs are lost in this, so be it. We’re broke. It’s time for us to get serious about how we’re spending the nation’s money.”
Democrats may consider this insensitive, but the fact is that we are broke. In 2010, the Federal government took in $2.2 trillion, yet spends $3.5 trillion. This means that we are spending nearly 60% more than we are taking in. Obama’s proposed budget for this year is even worse. Thus some federal jobs almost certainly will be lost as the Federal budget is cut, but the budget needs to be cut if we are to avoid the financial disaster that is looming, and if the private sector is ever going to recover. Thus Boehner’s statement was not one said out of insensitivity, but out of a concern for the larger problem, and the need to deal with it before things get much worse. Or put another way, the short term pain of federal jobs loss, is necessary for the long term gain of a strong and growing economy, and economy that can create the “ jobs, jobs, jobs” needed to bring down the unemployment rate.
Last Rites for The Rule of Law
Reading through Donald Rumsfeld’ recent memoir, Known and Unknown, only heighten my concern for the increasing problems of the growing breakdown of the Rule of Law, but not the ones Rumsfeld’s critics might think. The common myth is that the Bush administration ignored the law and instead, went it alone in cowboy fashion. Nothing could be further from the truth. While I knew the left’s view of the Bush administration was false, the amount of detail Rumsfeld provides on the administrations attempts to follow the law was impressive.
On the one hand this shows that the vast majority of the criticisms leveled against the Bush administration were purely political. Nothing shows this more than the fact that while Obama is basically continuing to follow virtually all of the contentious policies of his predecessor, e.g. the Guantánamo Bay detention camp is still open, the criticism have virtually disappeared.
I have no problem with those who had and continue to have substantive objections to the war and to these policies, and I have friends and family in this category. I have a lot of problem with those such as Senator Dick Durbin, who compared our troops with Nazis, to score a cheap political points, or for the legion of Democratic politicians whose very vocal objections vanished once Bush had finished his term. It is interesting to note that these objections were not automatically picked up by Republicans. It would seem they are much less willing to score political points at the expense of the men and woman serving in harm’s way.
Yet while reading Rumsfeld’s book, another more subtle problem emerged. It was not that the Bush administration ignored the law, quite the opposite. Rather, it was that the law was constantly shifting under their feet. The Bush administration made policy decisions based on serious analysis of long standing legal doctrines and precedents. Yet, as is so often the case with the Left, many opponents did not see the law as something to be followed, but as a tool to use against their opponents.
For example, the claim that people captured on the battlefield can be held by the military without access to the courts has a very long tradition. In fact, during WWII the US government held hundreds of thousands of those captured without any trial or legal review. The Idea that those caught fighting out of uniform could be put on trial before a military court and if found guilty executed was not only taken for granted, but confirmed by a Supreme Court decision. Nor were the reasons for this arbitrary.
One of the goals of the Geneva Convention is to protect civilians and therefore many of its rules encourage a sharp distinction between soldier and civilian. This is what is behind the distinction between the treatment of POWs, i.e., those whom, among other things, were caught fighting wearing a uniform, and those who were caught fighting out of uniform, as the latter could be easily confused as civilians.
Yet despite what the law and precedent had been, these were overturned in order to reach a political goal of opposing the Bush administration. What the law actually said, such as the requirement to be in uniform, no longer mattered. What the legal precedents were, such as in the Supreme Court’s 1942 ruling on the German saboteurs, no longer matter. The only thing that matters is what the current majority of the court says, and that is only good until the court changes its mind.
The Bush administration spent a lot of time trying to ensure that they were well within the law, and they were. But then the Court changed the law. I am sure it left some wondering after all the effort to follow the law only to have it changed, why did they bother. Unfortunately it is become an increasingly relevant, if dangerous, question.
Now we see the current administration ignoring the courts in some areas and in at least one case simply making their own ‘rulings’ on the constitutionality of laws, in essence picking and choosing which laws they want to enforce. This is not too surprising for whenever the Rule of Law breaks down it is always replaced by a different rule: whatever you think you can get away with.
Profits II
In part I, I addressed the left’s attack on the profits of ‘Big’ business. Yet the left has a far more fundamental objection to profits, even profits that would otherwise be considered reasonable. Profits result when the amount paid is greater than the cost. Thus from the left’s perspective, they are always inherently wasteful at best.
This is what is behind the push for single payer health care. Since government does not need to earn a profit, it should be able to deliver better health care for a lower cost. If everything were static, this would be true. Government could just do whatever a for-profit company was doing, and the money that was being earned in profits could be used by government to reduce costs, or to provide better health care. This is what is behind the complaint that it is wrong to profit off of other peoples’ illnesses. (Ignoring, of course, that Doctors, Nurses, and many other profit, i.e., get paid, in the process.)
The problem, however, is that the economy is not static, or at least it better not be, otherwise we would have a recession, or worse. A strong economy is a dynamic economy and the driving force for the dynamism is profit.
A clear example of this can be seen in the history of John D Rockefeller. While he is best known as the man behind Standard Oil, Rockefeller was a rich and successful man before he even got into the oil business. In fact, he would have met the left’s definition of someone who had all the money he needed. Thankfully, however, when someone at his church approached him with an idea about investing in the then emerging oil business, he did not say “why would I need any more money?” but instead decided to invest.
Rockefeller approached the oil business, as a businessman seeking to make a profit. He did not just ask, ‘how can we do this?’ he asked ‘how we can do this better?’ While all businesses exist to make a profit, it is the paradox of business that if profit is a business’ sole goal, it will not be in business long. This is because customers want goods and services, not for the business to make a profit. Thus to make a profit, a business must provide goods and/or services that customers wants to purchase, at a price they can afford, and still have money left over for profit, all while doing a better job than the competition.
This is not an easy task, and it is why most businesses fail. More importantly, it is a never ending task. Even if a business succeeds, what they are doing that makes them successful will soon be copied by others and perhaps even improved upon. Thus to remain profitable, businesses must constantly be searching for new and better ways to deliver their goods and services at a cheaper cost. Those that don’t will begin to lose market share, and may even go out of business. This is why some business giants of the past are no longer around.
So when Rockefeller entered into the oil market, his goal was to provide the best product he could at the lowest price. He built better refineries and developed his own delivery system. He also spent money on research to discover what to do with all the gunk left over from the refining process. As a result, he developed over 300 by-products from what used to be thrown away or dumped into rivers.
Today we mainly know the results of his effort in that he became one of the richest men in America. But he did not become rich because people just wanted to make him rich. He became rich because of the vast improvement his work and investment brought about. For example, prior to the changes he brought to the oil business, only the rich could afford to light their homes at night. When Rockefeller drove down the cost of oil “from 58 cents to eight cents a gallon” suddenly millions could afford the new luxury of having light at night.
This is the dynamism that the profit motive brings to the economy; a dynamism government simply cannot match. Government does not innovate, it regulates, and regulation kills innovation. While the profit motive drives businesses to deliver ‘the best at the lowest cost,’ government had little concern for cost.
In fact, the driving force for government is in the opposite direction. Government agencies that do seek to drive down costs are ‘punished’ with lower budgets, because “they did not need the money.” It is the rare bureaucrat that wants to see their budget cut. On the other hand, agencies that are inefficient and wasteful often have their inefficiency rewarded with increased budgets.
The profit margin is vital for creating a dynamic and growing economy, an economy that is constantly seeking innovations that will deliver the best goods and services at the lowest price.
Attacks on the profit motive are nothing less than attacks on the very thing that has so vastly improved our standard of living.
